Best Practices for Attribution
Should you decide to create your own curriculum, look at best practices for attribution for placing into Creative Commons and granting access to others to reuse and/or modify.
You too can use CC-licensed materials as long as you follow the license conditions. One condition of all CC licenses is attribution. Here are some good (and not so good) examples of attribution. Note: If you want to learn how to mark your own material with a CC license go here.
The Creative Commons website provides the information necessary to choose and license your work. It also provides explanations or the licenses you may find on works. Thereis also a searchable library of CC licensed works.
Creative Commons licenses provide a standardized way for authors and creators to grant the public permission to share and use their creative works. Creative Commons licenses mix and match the following elements:
Attribution (BY) Give credit to the original author |
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Share Alike (SA) Distribute derivative works under the same license |
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Non-Commercial (NC) Only use the work for noncommercial purposes |
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No Derivatives (ND) Only use verbatim copies of the work |
About Fair Use
OER is about using and sharing openly licensed works. However, the topic of fair use often comes up in OER discussions because it the means by which teachers have frequently shared copyrighted information with their students. It is helpful to be familiar with copyright and fair use concerns, generally, when discussing OER.
In general, copyright law prohibits reproducing and distributing copyrighted works. However, the "Fair Use Doctrine" (Section 107) allows a limited amount of copying and certain kinds of distribution for purposes such as teaching. In determining whether a use is a fair use, the factors to be considered may include:
The Fair Use Doctrine and its interpretations raise many questions and can be a source of concern for teachers. The most important point to remember is that Fair Use does provide a substantial degree of freedom for teaching. However, that freedom is often challenged, and in reality most educational institutions do not have the resources to engage in legal battles over this issue.
The Fair Use Checklist (PDF) can be helpful in determining whether or not usage falls under fair use.
See the institutional Copyright site for more information.